Tempura, the C-Tempura interpreter version 2.7 developed originally by Roger Hale and now maintained by Antonio Cau and Ben Moszkowski, is an interpreter for executable Interval Temporal Logic formulae. The first Tempura interpreter was programmed in Prolog by Ben Moszkowski, and was operational around December 2, 1983. Subsequently he rewrote the interpreter in Lisp (mid Mar, 1984), and in late 1984 modified the program to handle a two-level memory and multi-pass scanning. The C-Tempura interpreter was written in early 1985 by Roger Hale at Cambridge University.
AnaTempura, which is built upon C-Tempura, is a tool for the runtime verification of systems using Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) and its executable subset Tempura. The runtime verification technique uses assertion points to check whether a system satisfies timing, safety or security properties expressed in ITL. The assertion points are inserted in the source code of the system and will generate a sequence of information (system states), like values of variables and timestamps of value change, while the system is running. Since an ITL property corresponds to a set of sequences of states (intervals), runtime verification is just checking whether the sequence generated by the system is a member of the set of sequences corresponding to the property we want to check. The Tempura interpreter is used to do this membership test.
Version 3.6 (released 14/09/2023) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- added fuzzy logic library - new types: big integers, big floats and hexadecimals. - added conversions from/to the various types. - added "forall e in l : ..." construct. - added "[ exp : i<n ]" (list comprehension) construct. - added closure/partial evaluation of lambdas. - added the ability to have lambdas as values to function/procedure calls. - Various other bug fixes, see ChangeLog for more details. - C code function definitions: changed from K&R style to C2X style. - macos binaries are "fat" (combined arm and intel).
Version 3.5 (released 23/12/2019) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- support ’if ... then ... elseif ... ... elseif ... then ...’ and ’if ... then ... elseif ... ... elseif ... then ... else ...’ constructs. - Add ability to run external programs with arguments. - Add support to monitor Scala programs that run under sbt. - Increase/decrease font size via <control-plus>/<control-minus>. - 32 bit Linux, 32 bit Windows, Raspberry, and Arduino binaries dropped.
Version 3.4 (released 19/12/2017) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- Initial support for monitoring rmi based Java programs. - Use internal variable runid to assign id to external processes. - Tempura commands stable and output now allows lists of variables, i.e., stable(V,W) and output(V,W). - Use kitcreator to generate the anatempura binaries. The windows binaries are generated using the mingw-w64 cross-compiler. - Various other bug fixes, see ChangeLog for more details.
Version 3.3 (released 07/06/2016) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- The Tcl/Tk graphical user interface does not depend on Expect anymore. - The lexer/parser now throws an error on encountering a unknown character instead of silently discarding it. - The read-only State_number variable can be used in Tempura programs to determine the current state number. - The monitoring of C# programs does not need a Java wrapper anymore. - Support for monitoring of Java programs in the form of a jar file. - Support of time-stamps in the form of seconds and microseconds. - The GUI has now a different look/layout, history of commands window is gone, the most commonly used menu entries are now buttons and one interacts with Tempura using a shell-like interface. - Added template .anatempurarc . - Integers are now 64bits regardless of the machine architecture. - Windows binaries are compiled using the msys2-mingw32/64 system. - For Windows we have 32 bit (XP and beyond) and 64 bit (7 and beyond) Tempura/AnaTempura binaries. - Random numbers are now generated using xorshift128plus. - Added support for monitoring Scala programs. - Added option -stdio to start anatempura in cmdline mode. - Various other bug fixes, see ChangeLog for more details.
Version 3.2 (released 30/11/2015) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- Rewritten the Tempura output capture/processing routine. - Rewritten the external program data capture/processing routine. - New implementation of memory/framed variables, existsf V : f, is now used to indicate that V is memory/framed variable within f. The previous syntax mem(V) is now deprecated. - Fix bugs in the implementation of prev(L) where L is a list. - Added Tempura binary for Arduino-Yun and Raspberry Pi, i.e., tempura_mips_openwrt_linux and tempura_arm_linux_gnueabihf. - Added elapsed time in the statistics output at the end of a run. - Added plc and sql injection detection examples. - Various other bug fixes see ChangeLog for more details.
Version 3.1 (released 22/05/2015) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- Changed contact email address. - Added pre-compiled MacOSX binary. - Added frame(V) as alias for mem(V) - Fixed some bugs in implementation of mem(V). - Fixed some bugs in the help command.
Version 3.0 (released 04/07/2013) gzipped tar file or zip file.
- Dropped pre-compiled Solaris binary. - flex/bison based parser backward compatible with previous hard coded version but with stricter syntactic checks - changed from cvs to svn as version control system - improved syntax error messages - fixed memory leaks - tidy up format command - startup file .anatempurarc can also be in the current directory - use kbs-0.4.4 to generate anatempura binaries - anatempura binaries are using Tcl/Tk 8.6 - works again under Windows XP - program assertions can have any symbol except control characters and !
Version 2.18 (released 01/11/2012): gzipped tar file or zip file.
- Dropped tempura_macosx binary but added tempura_linux64 and anatempura_linux64 binaries. - fixed some small bugs - fixed memory leaks - added command ‘winput’ that will wait for input from a file instead of switching to the keyboard.
Version 2.17 (released 04/10/2011): gzipped tar file or zip file.
- initial support for MACOSX - fixed gui bugs - fixed some tempura bugs
Version 2.16 (released 08/12/2009): gzipped tar file or zip file.
- added floats. Floats have the form $2.3e+10$ in Tempura. For output: output($2.3$) will be $2.30000e+00$ , i.e., precision is 5 digits after the ’.’. One can set this via the precision variable. With precision of 2 one gets $2.30e+00$. The format command can output floats in two forms: %f output will be of the form 2.33333, e output will be of the form 2.33333e+01. The following operations on floats are defined: unary, +, -; binary: +, -, div, mod, /, *, **, ceil, floor, sqrt, itof, exp, log, log10, sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2, sinh, cosh, tanh, fabs. - anatempura is now using the new Tile interface - when setting system variables with set, output both old and new values - Added ’frandom’ and ’fRandom’ for float random number between [0.0,1.0) - Added defaults command, X defaults 1 denotes when X is undefined then take as value for X the value 1. - Added prev(X) operator, the value of X in the previous state. - Added mem(X) operator, X is a ’memory’ variable, i.e., when undefined take the value in the previous state. - Added #n history operator, used as option to exists when declaring a variable, it will keep a history of n previous values of a variable. - Added nprev(X,n) operator, nprev(X,3) for instance is an abbreviation of prev(prev(prev(X))). - When setting debug_level to 6 more usefull information is displayed like the state of a variable and reduction rule being applied. - Included tempura executables tempura_linux for Linux (compiled on Ubuntu 9.10), tempura_solaris for Solaris (compiled on Sparc Solaris 10u8), and tempura.exe for Windows (compiled on Windows XP SP3). - Included anatempura executables anatempura_solaris, anatempura_linux and anatempura.exe. These were built using the Tclkit Kitgen build system (http://wiki.tcl.tk/18146). Now no need anymore to install tcl/tk and expect in order to run anatempura. - changed copyright license to GPLv3.0
Version 2.15 (released 14/08/2008): gzipped tar file or zip file.
********************2.15**************************************************** - introduced various node accessor macros so that if one changes the node structure we only have to change the macro. - if formula can’t be reduced in the final state of the prefix of a chop then we will evaluate ((prefix and empty);true) and (suffix). This feature can be switched on/off with hopchop. The default of hopchop is true. - added integer overflow tests. - unified/cleaned up the various node data structures.
Version 2.14 (released 29/11/2007): gzipped tar file or zip file.
********************2.14**************************************************** - work around a recent misfeature of windows when started an external program. - added the io redirections, set infile="some file name", set outfile="some file name", where stdin and stdout can be used to redirect to standard keyboard and screen i/o. - added the infinite and randlen constructs for respectively an infinite interval and a random length interval (less or equal to max_randlen).
Version 2.13 (released 28/08/2007): gzipped tar file or zip file.
********************2.13**************************************************** - added reset in file menu to restart tempura. - open and reload now also load the file into Tempura. - added showstate Tempura command. This will display what is (un)defined in the current state. - changed contact email address to tempura@dmu.ac.uk
Version 2.12 (released 04/05/2007): gzipped tar file or zip file.
*******************2.12**************************************************** This version is the first version that compiles both under Windows and Unix/Linux type of machines. See Changelog for detailed news/changes.
Use the pre-compiled binary:
anatempura-win64.exe: 64 bit binary and will run on Windows 7 and beyond, this will use tempura-win64.exe in the current directory
anatempura_linux64: For 64bit Linux OS, this will use tempura_linux64 in the current directory
anatempura_macosx: For MacOSX, this will use tempura_macosx in the current directory
Use anatempura.tcl:
you need to install Tempura, and Tcl/Tk (at least 8.5). Get Tcl/Tk and from Tcl/Tk site or use the ActiveTcl package.
Tempura can be compiled using the Gnu C compiler under a Unix like operating system like Ubuntu, GNU Debian, etc. For Windows you can use the MSYS2/MinGW-32/64 system, see their website for downloading and installation. Install the MSYS2 system, and then, using pacman, install the mingw-w64-i686-toolchain for compiling 32bit binaries and the mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain for compiling 64bit binaries.
Compile Tempura using the following commands
./configure make
For convenience the following pre-compiled Tempura binaries are included in the distribution:
| 64 bit Windows binary | tempura-win64.exe, |
| 64 bit Linux binary | tempura_linux64, |
| MacOSX binary | tempura_macosx |
Contact: Email cau.researcher@gmail.com in case of problems.
Overview: Figure 1 shows an overview of AnaTempura.
Figure 2 shows the interface of AnaTempura.
Figure 3 shows a graphical snapshot of a simulation of the EP/3 microprocessor specified in Tempura.